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Algorithmic management has rapidly emerged as a dominant form of technology-mediated organizational control in the digital economy, reshaping how work is allocated, monitored, evaluated, and coordinated across platforms and traditional firms. This systematic integrative review synthesizes peer-reviewed studies to examine the mechanisms, implications, and tensions of algorithmic control. Drawing on literature from management, information systems, and organizational studies, the review identifies core themes including automated monitoring and surveillance, the automation of managerial functions, worker autonomy and behavioral responses, governance and accountability challenges, and broader effects on organizational design. A novel integrative architecture—the algorithmic management control ecosystem (AMCE) model—is introduced to organize the fragmented research into five interconnected layers. The synthesis reveals persistent tensions between efficiency gains and issues of fairness, transparency, and autonomy, while tracing the evolution of the field from early conceptualizations of big-data-driven control to more recent examinations of platform-specific governance and resistance. Findings highlight how algorithms embed power asymmetries and create new forms of digital Taylorism, yet also open avenues for hybrid human–algorithmic systems. The review concludes by offering a structured foundation for future scholarship on technology-mediated organizational control in digitally transformed workplaces.